由于部分施工企业对工商业光伏发电的施工要求认识不足，对工程质量和技术环节的重视程度不够，从而引发施工问题。本文就工商业建筑在光伏发电设计和施工中的注意事项展开讨论。

Because some construction enterprises do not know enough about the construction requirements of industrial and commercial photovoltaic power generation, and do not pay enough attention to project quality and technical links, construction problems are caused. This paper discusses the precautions of industrial and commercial buildings in the design and construction of photovoltaic power generation.

工商业屋顶安装光伏发电的一个突出的问题是屋顶或场地产权问题，由于光伏发电使用寿命长，投资成本也高。在产权不明晰的场地或屋顶建设光伏发电站会给电站建成后的使用和收益产生很多不确定因素。因此在建设工商业电站前期要充分做好场地产权、静态投资和运维投入、收益分配、风险承担等一系列可行性分析，制定好切实可行的解决方案。

A prominent problem of industrial and commercial roof mounted photovoltaic power generation is the property right of the roof or site. Due to the long service life of photovoltaic power generation, the investment cost is also high. The construction of photovoltaic power station on the site or roof with unclear property rights will bring many uncertain factors to the use and income of the power station after completion. Therefore, in the early stage of the construction of industrial and commercial power plants, a series of feasibility analysis should be fully done on site property rights, static investment, operation and maintenance investment, income distribution, risk bearing, etc., and practical solutions should be formulated.

对于建筑屋顶承重能力差、不能直接采用混凝土重桩的情况，可采用不锈钢绳牵拉固定。需要说明的是牵拉支架的不锈钢绳不能直接打膨胀螺丝固定在屋顶上，通常是固定在建筑外墙或其他相对稳定坚固的混凝土立柱上。

If the building roof has poor bearing capacity and concrete piles cannot be directly used, stainless steel rope can be used for pulling and fixing. It should be noted that the stainless steel rope of the traction bracket cannot be directly fixed on the roof with expansion screws, but is usually fixed on the external wall of the building or other relatively stable and solid concrete columns.

与地面光伏不同，屋顶光伏如果无法与原建筑屋顶混凝土钢筋直接连接的时候，可根据当地风力情况采用混凝土重桩放置在屋顶上，通常每个独立桩的重量不宜超过100kg。对于经常受到台风袭扰的沿海地区，建议采用条形混凝土桩，不仅能确保光伏阵列系统的抗风能力，还可以减少光伏电站对建筑屋顶的压力。

Different from the ground photovoltaic, if the roof photovoltaic cannot be directly connected with the roof concrete reinforcement of the original building, the concrete heavy piles can be placed on the roof according to the local wind conditions, and the weight of each independent pile should not exceed 100kg. For coastal areas frequently disturbed by typhoons, it is recommended to use strip concrete piles, which can not only ensure the wind resistance of photovoltaic array systems, but also reduce the pressure of photovoltaic power stations on building roofs.

连接支架的钢螺栓须与混凝土浇筑一体，不能用膨胀螺栓代替混凝土基础与支架间的连接。特别要说明的是：不能在平屋顶屋面上直接打孔或安装膨胀螺栓，以免破坏原建筑屋面的防水结构。通常建筑屋顶的主要功能是防雨和保温。光伏透光组件安装在建筑屋顶上不仅要牢固可靠，抗风抗打击，防雨的问题不容置疑，要严格做好密封防雨措施。

The steel bolts connecting the support must be integrated with the concrete pouring, and expansion bolts cannot be used to replace the connection between the concrete foundation and the support. In particular, it is not allowed to directly drill holes or install expansion bolts on the flat roof to avoid damaging the waterproof structure of the original building roof. Usually, the main functions of building roofs are rainproof and thermal insulation. Photovoltaic light transmission modules installed on the roof of the building should not only be firm and reliable, but also be resistant to wind and rain. There is no doubt that sealing and rainproof measures should be strictly taken.

此外屋顶光伏电站的阵列支架要做好防雷接地，如果原建筑已有屋顶防雷接地系统，要将光伏支架接地端与原建筑屋顶防雷接地引出线可靠并接。关注我们//tianjibiotech.com，带您了解更多事项！

In addition, the array support of the roof photovoltaic power station shall be well grounded for lightning protection. If the original building has a roof lightning protection grounding system, the grounding terminal of the photovoltaic support shall be reliably connected with the lightning protection grounding lead of the original building roof. Follow us //tianjibiotech.com , take you to know more!